Examining the Quantitative Data - Marginal Means
Marginal means were created from inputting average values for each input variable other than the study abroad participation indicator and examining the difference in outputs for study abroad and non-study abroad students. Based on this methodology, students who studied abroad had noted success in all areas when compared to students who did not study abroad:
- One-year retention (6.5% higher)
- Two-year retention (8.6% higher)
- Transfer English completion (1.2% higher)
- Transfer math completion (1.2% higher)
- Degree and certificate completion (.9% higher)
- Enrollment in a university (3.8% higher)
- Completed 12.5 more mean transferable units
- Had a GPA that was 0.17 higher
| Outcome within 3 Years | Study Abroad |
Non-Study Abroad |
Difference |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Year Retention | 62.4% | 55.9% | 6.5% |
| 2 Year Retention | 45.0% | 36.5% | 8.6% |
| Completed Transfer English | 16.6% | 15.4% | 1.2% |
| Completed Transfer Math | 7.6% | 6.4% | 1.2% |
| Transferable Units Completed | 37.6 | 25.1 | 12.5 |
| Transferable GPA | 2.42 | 2.25 | 0.17 |
| Earned Degree or Certificate | 3.6% | 2.7% | 0.9% |
| Enrolled at University | 11.8% | 8.0% | 3.8% |
Separate marginal means comparison were carried out for Hispanic students. When compared to those who did not study abroad, Hispanic study abroad students had higher outcomes on:
- One-year retention (7.4% higher)
- Two-year retention (10.3% higher)
- Transfer English completion (2.6% higher)
- Transfer math completion (3.1% higher)
- Degree and certificate completion (2.0% higher)
- Enrollment in a university (5.4% higher)
- Completed 12.5 more mean transferable units
- Has a GPA that was 0.17 higher
| Outcome within 3 Years for Hispanic Students |
Study Abroad |
Non-Study Abroad |
Difference |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Year Retention | 70.9% | 63.5% | 7.4% |
| 2 Year Retention | 54.4% | 44.0% | 10.3% |
| Completed Transfer English | 34.7% | 32.2% | 2.6% |
| Completed Transfer Math | 19.9% | 16.9% | 3.1% |
| Transferable Units Completed | 37.6 | 25.1 | 12.5 |
| Transferable GPA | 2.41 | 2.23 | 0.17 |
| Earned Degree or Certificate | 7.8% | 5.8% | 2.0% |
| Enrolled at University | 16.8% | 11.4% | 5.4% |
